Prevalence and Anti-Biogram of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated from Otitis Media in KBN Hospital, Gulbarga

Otitis media is an inflammation of the middle ear cleft without reference to etiology or pathogenesis. Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a destructive disease with irreversible sequelae and can proceed to serious intra and or extra cranial complications. The study of bacteriology and anti-biotic sensitivity is necessary in management of CSOM and is essential for the ENT surgeon to make the discharging ear dry for better results of surgical procedures like myringoplasty and ossiculoplasty. Among the bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) has been particularly blamed for deep seated and progressive destruction of middle ear and mastoid structures through its toxins and enzymes. This was a retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in South India. Data was obtained from the microbiology records from March 2012 to March 2014. Ear discharge were collected from them under strict aseptic precautions using two sterile cotton swabs with the assist of aural speculum and processed immediately in the microbiology laboratory. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-Bauer's disc diffusion method, according to the guidelines of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. A total of 176 cases of CSOM were included in the study. Microbial growth was seen in 156 (88.6%) while 20 (12.4%) were sterile. Among 156 bacterial growth, 41(26.2%) were positive for P. aeruginosa. Most cases were from males and most common affected age group was 0-20 years. Most common organism was Staphylococcus aureus, followed by P. aeruginosa. P. aeruginosa showed highest resistance to Ampicillin and Ciprofloxacin and least resistance with Polymixin B and Imipenem. Among all the organisms, Pseudomonas is prone to cause a problem in therapeutic control of CSOM. Regular antibiotic susceptibility studies should be conducted as the pattern of microbial growth changes with time. Knowledge of the pathogens and antibiotic sensitivity pattern responsible for CSOM helps in reducing the complications of CSOM.